Archive - Электронный научный журнал "ТРУДЫ ВИАМ"

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1.
dx.doi.org/ 10.18577/2307-6046-2019-0-3-3-13
УДК 669.14.018.8
Bogachev I.A., Sulyanova E.A., Sukhov D.I., Mazalov P.B.
Microstructure and properties investigations of Fe–Cr–Ni stainless steel obtained by selective laser melting

Microstructure investigations of Fe–Cr–Ni stainless steel’s sintered samples obtained by selective laser melting were held. Mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the samples at the initial state and after treatment were estimate. It is shown that material’s structure consists of fine grain sells oriented along the crystallization direction. After hot isostatic pressing and heat treatment microstructure becomes more homogeneous and takes the form of identical one of the casting material. Anisotropy of the mechanical properties intrinsic to the sintered state is not observed.

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2.
dx.doi.org/ 10.18577/2307-6046-2019-0-3-14-26
УДК 669.017.165
Koljadov E.V., Visik E.M., Gerasimov V. V., Arginbaeva E.G.
The influence of directional solidification parameters on the structure and properties of the intermetallic alloys

Comparative studies of the influence of thermal conditions of the process of directional crystallization in plants of two types are presented: liquid metal cooling (UVKH-9A installation) – LMC process (Liquid Metal Cooling) and radiation cooling (ALD installation) – HRS process (High Rate of Solidification ) on the parameters of the cast structure of the VKNA-4UMONO alloy. A comparative quantitative analysis of the microstructure, strength characteristics during short-term tensile tests of castings from VKNA-4UMONO alloy with crystallographic orientation of СGO [111], obtained on installations of two types, and analysis of fractures of VKNA-4U samples of single-crystal structure after short-term tests on stretching. The effect of temperature gradient at the growth front on the structure and mechanical properties of VKNA-4U alloy with KGO [111] and a new alloy for single-crystal casting VIN4 with СGO [001] is shown. The main characteristics of melting and casting plants for casting intermetallic alloys by the method of directional solidification with liquid metal cooling are presented.

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3.
dx.doi.org/ 10.18577/2307-6046-2019-0-3-27-34
УДК 669.017:669.018.44
Parshukov L.I., Efremov N.A.
Investigation structure and properties of seam weld from heat-resisting steel VZh159-ID

The article considers the technology of electric fusion welding of heat – resisting alloy VZh159-ID and the determination of optimal modes of heat – treated samples in the order to achieve a high – quality weldments that are maintaining heat – resisting properties and the age – hardening ability.

A welding seam and a heat – affected zone expand as the result of the heating process. Actions made at the side of the less heated part of the element and are directed to the high – heat area cause the compressive deformation that is turning into the inelastic one. The deformation arising with later cooling prevents the decreasing of the welding seam and leads to the emergence of the tension stress. The reduction of the level of residual stresses is performed by the heat treatment of the welding assembly. The temperature of the heat treatment leads to tension stress relieving and hardens the welding seam. It is necessary to provide the depression strengthening of the welding seam and the parent metal both taking into account specific properties and thermal actions.

In the case of age hardened details and weak welding seam the reduction of the level of residual stresses is better to perform using the local heat treatment in the heat – affected zone.

The local heat treatment like as isothermal one should provide the depression strengthening of the welding seam without thermal overload of the material and take a little time to prevent the age – hardening of the base metal.

The determination of the temperature ranges of the welding seam changing under the heat process and optimal modes of temperature level is performed using the method of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The sample is heated by step – by – step method of election &

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4.
dx.doi.org/ 10.18577/2307-6046-2019-0-3-35-43
УДК 669.721.5
Volkov D.A., Leonov A.A., Mukhina I.Y., Uridiya Z.P.
Potential applications of biodegradable magnesium alloys (review)

The article discusses the materials of foreign and domestic publications in the field of development biodegradable materials and the manufacture of implants for medicine, in particular for the needs of orthopedics. Magnesium alloys possess the properties closest to natural bone among all biodegradable materials. The creation of biodegradable and biocompatible implants that would remain in the body only for a limited period of time that necessary to repair damage is an urgent task, the solution of which provides for the expansion of the use of magnesium alloys. The article describes the effect of alloying elements on the properties of magnesium alloys (strength and corrosion), provides methods for creating coatings that contribute to improving the corrosion resistance of implants made from magnesium alloys. The standards for the content of elements in the human body are given, the excess of which can contribute to the development of negative effects for eliminating which, it is necessary to solve the problem of optimizing the number of alloying elements in accordance with the norms of the physiological environment in the areas of implantation and monitoring the corrosion process.

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5.
dx.doi.org/ 10.18577/2307-6046-2019-0-3-44-52
УДК 669.715:669.884
Antipov V.V., Tkachenko E.A., Zaysev D.V., Selivanov A.A., Ovsyannikov B.V.
The influence of homogenizing annealing regimes on the structural phase state and mechanical properties of aluminum-lithium alloy 1441 ingots

The article presents the results of the study of the influence of temperature-time parameters of homogenization on the structure, phase composition and technological plasticity aluminum-lithium alloy 1441 ingots based on the Al–Li–Cu–Mg–Zr system. The phase composition of homogenized ingots was observed. In the structure of ingots after homogenization in different regimes, there are secondary microparticles of the phases: β¢ (Al3Zr), δ¢ (Al3Li) and S¢ (Al2CuMg). The particle size of these phases is from 5 to 50 nm. The two-stage homogenization regime was selected, and the temperature range of ingots hot rolling was specified, which are recommended for use in the production conditions of a modern metallurgical plant.

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6.
dx.doi.org/ 10.18577/2307-6046-2019-0-3-53-60
УДК 621.792
Krasnov L.L., Kirina Z.V., Venediktova M.A., Bryk Ya. А.
Approbation of tape sealant for sealing removable constructive elements operable at temperatures from -60 to +180°С

The short description of process of manufacturing of tape sealant is provided in article. Physicomechanical properties of tape sealant are defined, have been defined, dependence of way of forming of joint of tape hermetic has been investigated at assembly of pressurized compartments. Relative deformation at compression of hermetic tape, residual relative deformation after compression is established. Degree of fit of the tape sealant to interfaced surfaces in different combinations of materials: «aluminum–PCM» with two-row and single-row bolted, «aluminum–organic glass» with two-row bolted.

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7.
dx.doi.org/ 10.18577/2307-6046-2019-0-3-61-67
УДК 678.8
Timoshkov P.N., Khrulkov A.V., Usacheva M.N., Purvin K.E.
Technological features of the manufacture of thick-walled parts of the PCM (review)

Thick-walled parts made of polymer composite materials (PCM) are used in the aviation, railway, construction and other industries. Their manufacture has a special feature – when forming a structure, zones with elevated temperature may appear due to a sharp jump in the exothermic effect, which can lead to residual stresses leading to cracks and delamination, destruction of the material, and even ignition of the part. This review discusses various ways to reduce this effect when forming a structure.

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8.
dx.doi.org/ 10.18577/2307-6046-2019-0-3-68-78
УДК 66.017
Gulyaev A.I.
Fiber-matrix adhesion strength measurement using nanoindentation (review)

The review briefly reviewed the applied methods for determining the fiber-matrix adhesive strength. The main emphasis is on measuring the adhesive strength by the single fiber push-out method using instrumental micro- and nanoindentation. The issues of informativeness of this approach, modeling of the process of pushing the fiber by the indenter, the stress state in this process are considered. Attention is paid to the methods of testing, in particular, the features of sample preparation, the geometry of the indenters used, loading conditions.

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9.
dx.doi.org/ 10.18577/2307-6046-2019-0-3-79-86
УДК 66.017:666.7
Zhitnyuk S.V.
Effect of sintering additives on the properties of silicon carbide-based ceramics (review)

Silicon carbide has a number of unique physical and chemical properties. Studies in the field of silicon carbide-based materials densification in the synthesis process have shown that a promising method of consolidation is liquid-phase sintering with the additives of different composition, contributing to reduction of the synthesis temperature to 1850°C, intensification of diffusion processes, filling of intergranular pores and restructuring of silicon carbide grains. In this paper the modern approaches to modification of silicon carbide-based ceramics with the additives of different composition are considered.

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10.
dx.doi.org/ 10.18577/2307-6046-2019-0-3-87-95
УДК 620.1
Kondrashov S.V., Pykhtin A.A., Solovyanchik L.V., Bolshakov V.A., Pavlyuk B.Ph., Badamshina E.R., Dzhalmukhanova A.S., Karpov S.V.
Research of dependence of adhesion of ice to polyurethane coatings from their physicomechanical properties

Development of the materials preventing frosting of various designs is one of relevant tasks of the modern polymeric industry. In this work, we studied the adhesion characteristics of ice to coatings based on polyurethanes of various grades: polypropylene glycol, polybutylene adipate, polycaprolactone diol, fluorine-containing oligodiol of the MAOK brand, including those modified with carbon Taunit-MD nanotubes. Researches of dependence of the dynamic module of elasticity of polymeric matrixes on temperature are conducted. It is shown that the elastic modulus of the investigated coatings lies in the range from 116 to 297 MPa. The amount of adhesion of ice to the investigated coatings ranges from 40 to 210 kPa. Introduction to structure of initial polyurethane compositions of carbon nanotubes leads to decrease in glass transition temperature the coatings. It is established that the size of adhesion of ice to the studied coatings is defined by the coatings thickness, density of a grid of cross chemical stitchings and also structure of a physical grid of gearing.

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11.
dx.doi.org/ 10.18577/2307-6046-2019-0-3-96-104
УДК 620.178.35:669.018.44
Gorbovets M.A., Khodinev I.A., Karanov V.A., Yushin V.D.
Influence of the type of loading on high-cycle fatigue of heat-resistant alloys

As is known, in domestic and world practice it has historically developed that in research and certification of alloys, high-cycle fatigue tests are carried out according to the «pure bending with rotation» loading conditions. Nowadays most scientist around the world give preference to high-cycle fatigue tests according to the «tension–compression» loading conditions. This article is about to assess the influence of the type of loading on high-cycle fatigue of nickel heat-resistant alloys GS6U, EI698 and heat-resistant titanium alloy VT8M-1.

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12.
dx.doi.org/ 10.18577/2307-6046-2019-0-3-105-114
УДК 620.1
Andreeva N.P., Pavlov M.R., Nikolaev E.V., Kurnosov A.O.
Research of climatic factors influence of cold, temperate (moderate) and tropical climates on properties of construction fibreglass

The results of climatic tests of fibreglass on the basis of the tsianefirny binding are provided in the paper. Tests have been carried out under natural conditions at climatic stations of Russia (Moscow, Gelendzhik, Sochi, Yakutsk) and North America (Arizona and Florida), three stations of Vietnam (Hoa Lac, Dam Bay, Can Gio). Thereby research and results of changes of properties of fibreglass have been conducted have been analyzed for different types of climates on different continents – cold, moderate, moderate warm, tropical dry and tropical wet. In work the analysis of results researchs has been carried out and conclusions on resistance of material of such type to influence of climatic factors are drawn.

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