Articles
In this work the possibility of creating a new high-temperature heat-resistant matrix based on intermetallic compounds NiAl and Ni3Al. It is found that the alloys based on the new matrix have good heat resistance and low density. Under the conditions of high-gradient directional crystallization in the samples it was possible to form a directed dendritic structure, oriented along the axis of the samples, consisting of intermetallic NiAl and Ni3Al. In assessing the strength of them managed to get a fairly high strength and ductility.
2. Lityye lopatki gazoturbinnykh dvigateley: splavy, tekhnologii, pokrytiya / pod obshch. red. E.N. Kablov. 2-ye izd. [Cast blades of gas turbine engines: alloys, technologies, coatings / gen. ed. E.N. Kablov. 2nd ed.]. M.: Nauka, 2006. 632 s.
3. Kablov E.N. Bez novykh materialov – net budushchego [Without new materials - there is no future] // Metallurg. 2013. №12. S. 4–8.
4. Kablov E.N., Petrushin N.V., Svetlov I.L., Demonis I.M. Liteynyye zharoprochnyye nikelevyye splavy dlya perspektivnykh aviatsionnykh GTD [Casting heat-resistant nickel alloys for promising aircraft GTE] // Tekhnologiya legkikh splavov. 2007. №2. S. 6–16.
5. Kablov E.N., Ospennikova O.G., Petrushin N.V. Novyj monokristallicheskij intermetallidnyj (na osnove γʹ-fazy) zharoprochnyj splav dlya lopatok GTD [New single crystal heat-resistant intermetallic γʹ-based alloy for GTE blades] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2015. №1 (34). S. 34–40. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2015-0-1-34-40.
6. Ospennikova O.G. Tendencii sozdaniya zharoprochnyh nikelevyh splavov nizkoj plotnosti s polikristallicheskoj i monokristallicheskoj strukturoj (obzor) [Tendencies of development of heat-resistant nickel alloys of low density with polycrystalline and single-crystal structures (review)] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2016. №1 (40). S. 3–19. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2016-0-1-3-19.
7. Walston S., Cetel A., MacKay R. et. al. Dreshfield R. Joint development of a fourth generation single crystal superalloys // Superalloys-2004. Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 2004. P. 15–24.
8. Koizumi Y., Kobayashi T., Yokokawa T. et al. Development of next-generation Ni-base single crystal superalloys // Superalloys-2004. Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 2004. P. 35–43.
9. Kablov E.N., Ospennikova O.G., Svetlov I.L. Vysokoeffektivnoe ohlazhdenie lopatok goryachego trakta GTD [Highly efficient cooling of GTE hot section blades] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2017. №2 (47). S. 3–14. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2017-0-2-3-14.
10. Kablov E.N., Bondarenko Yu.A., Kablov D.E. Osobennosti struktury i zharoprochnyh svojstv monokristallov <001> vysokorenievogo nikelevogo zharoprochnogo splava, poluchennogo v usloviyah vysokogradientnoj napravlennoj kristallizacii [Features of structure and heat resisting properties of monocrystals of <001> high-rhenium nickel hot strength alloys received in the conditions of high-gradient directed crystallization] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2011. №4. S. 25–31.
11. Kablov E.N., Buntushkin V.A., Bazyleva O.A. Malolegirovannyye legkiye zharoprochnyye liteynyye splavy na osnove intermetallida Ni3Al [Low-alloy lightweight heat-resistant casting alloys based on Ni3Al intermetallic compound] // Metally. RAN. 1999. №1. S. 56–65.
12. Bazyleva O.A., Ospennikova O.G., Arginbaeva E.G., Letnikova E.Yu., Shestakov A.V. Tendencii razvitiya intermetallidnyh splavov na osnove nikelya [Development trends of nickel-based intermetallic alloys] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2017. №S. S. 104–115. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2017-0-S-104-115.
13. Petrushin N.V., Ospennikova O.G., Svetlov I.L. Monokristallicheskie zharoprochnye nikelevye splavy dlya turbinnyh lopatok perspektivnyh GTD [Single-crystal Ni-based superalloys for turbine blades of advanced gas turbine engines] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2017. №S. S. 72−103. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2017-0-S-72-103.
14. Hubert-Protopopescu M., Hubert H. Aluminium-cobalt-nickel // Ternary alloys: a comprehensive compendium of evaluated constitutional data and phase diagrams. Weinheim – N.Y.: VCH Cop., 1991. P. 234–244.
15. Kornilov I.I. Fiziko-khimicheskiye osnovy zharoprochnosti splavov [Physical and chemical bases of heat resistance of alloys]. M.: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1961. 516 s.
16. Kornilov I.I., Mints R.S. Issledovaniye sistemy Ni–Cr–NiAl [Investigation of the Ni–Cr–NiAl System] // Neorganicheskaya khimiya 1958. T. III. Vyp. 5. S. 699–707.
17. Bondarenko Yu.A., Kablov E.N. Napravlennaya kristallizatsiya zharoprochnykh splavov s povyshennym temperaturnym gradiyentom [Directional crystallization of superalloys with a high temperature gradient] // MiTOM. 2002. №7. S. 20–23.
Various characteristics of powders used for jet-engine disk production from Ni-base superalloys are described. The differences in technological properties (granulometric composition, flowability, tap density) and in structure (carbide phases, porosity) are reviewed. The features which affect significantly on the production process of jet-engine disk billets are cited. The approaches to using each type of powder for the certain technological route are grounded.
2. Beresnev A.G., Logunov A.V., Logacheva A.I. Problemy povysheniya kachestva zharoprochnykh splavov, poluchayemykh metodom metallurgii granul [Problems of improving the quality of high-temperature alloys obtained by the method of granule metallurgy] // Vestnik MAI, 2008. T. 15. №3. S.83–89.
3. Koshelev V.Ya., Garibov G.S., Sukhov D.I. Osnovnyye zakonomernosti protsessa polucheniya granul zharoprochnykh nikelevykh splavov metodom plazmennogo raspyleniya vrashchayushcheysya zagotovki [The main regularities of the process of obtaining granules of heat-resistant nickel alloys by the method of plasma spraying of a rotating billet] // Tekhnologiya legkikh splavov. 2015. №3. S. 97–103.
4. Kablov E.N., Evgenov A.G., Rylnikov V.S., Afanasyev-Khodykin A.N. Issledovaniye melkodispersnykh poroshkov pripoyev dlya diffuzionnoy vakuumnoy payki, poluchennykh metodom atomizatsii rasplava [Study of fine solder powders for diffusion vacuum soldering, obtained by melt atomization method] // Vestnik MGTU im. N.E. Baumana. Ser.: Mashinostroyeniye, 2011. №SP2. S.79–87.
5. Sims Ch.T., Stoloff N.S., Khagel U.K. Supersplavy II: Zharoprochnyye materialy dlya aerokosmicheskikh i promyshlennykh energoustanovok v 2 kn. Per. s angl. / pod red. R.E. Shalina [Superalloys II: Heat-resistant materials for aerospace and industrial power plants in 2 books / Trans. from English. / ed. R.E. Shalin]. M.: Metallurgiya, 1995. Kn. 1. 384 s.
6. Reed R.C. The Superalloys Fundamentals and Applications [The Superalloys Fundamentals and Applications]. UK, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. 372 p.
7. GOST R 52802–2007. Splavy nikelevyye zharoprochnyye granuliruyemyye. Marki [State Standard R 52802–2007. Nickel heat-resistant granular alloys. Stamps]. M.: Standartinform, 2006. 10 s.
8. Zhang G.Q. Research and Development of High Temperature Structural Materials for Aero-Engine Application // Acta Metallurgica sinica. August 2005. Vol. 18. No. 4. P. 443–452.
9. Vostrikov A.V., Suhov D.I. Proizvodstvo granul metodom PREP dlja additivnyh tehnologij – tekushhij status i perspektivy razvitija [The production of powders by PREP method for addictive manufacturing – current situation and development prospects] // Trudy VIAM: jelektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2016. №8 (44). St. 03. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: November 02, 2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2016-0-8-3-3.
10. Logacheva A.I. Kompleksnaya tekhnologiya izgotovleniya tonkostennykh elementov metodom poroshkovoy metallurgii dlya proizvodstva detaley iz konstruktsionnykh i funktsionalnykh splavov na osnove titana i nikelya dlya izdeliy raketno-kosmicheskoy tekhniki: thesis, Doct. Sc. (Tech.). Korolev, 2016. 407 s.
11. Koshelev V.Ya., Khodkin V.I., Musiyenko V.T. Issledovaniye svoystv granul zharoprochnykh nikelevykh splavov, poluchennykh razlichnymi metodami raspyleniya [Investigation of the properties of granules of heat-resistant nickel alloys obtained by various sputtering methods] // Metallovedeniye i obrabotka titanovykh i zharoprochnykh splavov, 1991. S. 333–340.
12. Kablov E.N. Innovacionnye razrabotki FGUP «VIAM» GNC RF po realizacii «Strategicheskih napravlenij razvitiya materialov i tehnologij ih pererabotki na period do 2030 goda» [Innovative developments of FSUE «VIAM» SSC of RF on realization of «Strategic directions of the development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period until 2030»] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2015. №1 (34). S. 3–33. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2015-0-1-3-33.
13. Evgenov A.G., Rogalev A.M., Nerush S.V., Mazalov I.S. Issledovanie svojstv splava EP648, poluchennogo metodom selektivnogo lazernogo splavleniya metallicheskih poroshkov [A study of properties of EP648 alloy manufactured by the selective laser sintering of metal powders] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2015. №2. St. 02. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (November 02, 2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2015-0-2-2-2.
14. Kablov E.N., Evgenov A.G., Ospennikova O.G., Semenov B.I., Semenov A.B., Korolev V.A. Metalloporoshkovyye kompozitsii zharoprochnogo splava EP648 proizvodstva FGUP «VIAM» GNTS RF v tekhnologiyakh selektivnogo lazernogo splavleniya, lazernoy gazoporoshkovoy naplavki i vysokotochnogo litya polimerov, napolnennykh metallicheskimi poroshkami [Metal powder compositions of heat-resistant alloy EP648 produced by FGUP «VIAM» of the State Research Center of the Russian Federation in technologies of selective laser fusion, laser gas-powder surfacing and high-precision casting of polymers filled with metal powders] // Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Mashinostroyeniye, 2016. №9 (678). S. 62–80.
15. Sposob polucheniya metallicheskogo poroshka: pat. 2492028 Ros Federatsiya [A method of obtaining a metal powder: pat. 2492028 Rus. Federation]; zayavl. 02.07.12; opubl. 10.09.13, Byul. №25.
16. Bakradze M.M., Volkov A.M., Shestakova A.A., Letnikov M.N., Bubnov M.V. Osobennosti izmeneniya razmera zeren v diskovom granuliruyemom zharoprochnom nikelevom splave, proizvedennom po razlichnym tekhnologiyam // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tekhnich. zhurn. 2018. №2 (62). St. 01. URL: http://www.viam-works.ru (data obrashcheniya 02.11.2018 g.). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2018-0-2-1-1.
17. Kablov E.N., Ospennikova O.G., Lomberg B.S. Kompleksnaya innovacionnaya tehnologiya izotermicheskoj shtampovki na vozduhe v rezhime sverhplastichnosti diskov iz superzharoprochnyh splavov [Complex innovative technology of isothermal punching on air in mode of superplasticity of disks from superhot strength alloys] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2012. №S. S. 129–141.
18. Rice D., Kantzos P., Hann B., Neumann J., Helmink R. P/M alloy 10 – a 700°C capable nickel-based superalloy for turbine disk applications // Superalloys 2008. USA: TMS, 2008. P. 139–147.
19. Materials Needs and R&D stratergy for future military aerospace propulsion systems. Consensus Study Report. USA: Washington, 2011.
The sulfur and carbon content in the powders of nickel alloys EP648, VPr50 and VZH159 was determined by combustion in an induction furnace gas analyzer CS-444 company Leco, followed by detection in the infrared cell of the spectrometer. Various catalysts – tungsten with tin, vanadium oxide, copper chips were used for the complete extraction of the elements to be determined and the most suitable of them was chosen. The correct determination of sulfur and carbon is confirmed by the analysis of a standard sample of the nickel alloy composition.
2. Kablov E.N., Titov V.I., Gundobin N.V., Karpov Y.A., Karfidova K.E., Kudryavtseva G.S. Rhenium and Ruthenium Determination in Nanostructured High_Temperature Alloys for Aerospace Engineering // Inorganic materials. 2015. Vol. 51. No. 14. P. 1363–1369.
3. Buyakina A.A., Letnikov M.N., Efimochkin I.Yu. Vlyainiye parametrov mekhanicheskogo legirovaniya na morfologiyu chastits metallokeramicheskoy poroshkovoy kompozitsii VZh175+TiCN [The influence of the mechanical alloying parameters on the particles morphology of the metalceramiс powder composition made from VZh175 alloy with TiCN nanopowder] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2017. №9. St. 04. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed October 21, 2018). DOI: 10.18557/2307-6046-2017-0-9-4-4.
4. Evgenov A.G., Shcherbakov S.I., Rogalev A.M. Oprobovaniye poroshkov zharoprochnykh splavov EP718 i EP648 proizvodstva FGUP «VIAM» dlya remonta detaley GTD metodom lazernoy gazoporoshkovoy naplavki [Testing EP718 and EP648 superalloys powders produced by FSUE «VIAM» for repair of gas turbine engine components using laser-powder braze] // Aviacionnyye materialy i tehnologii. 2016. №S1 (43). S. 16–23. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2016-0-S1-16-23.
5. Shestakova E.A., Shaykhutdinova E.F., Yanbayev R.M. Tekhnologii selektivnogo spekaniya dlya aviastroyeniya [Technologies for selective sintering for aircraft industry] // Polzunovskiy almanakh. 2014. №2. S. 21–24.
6. Kablov E.N. Materialy i tekhnologii VIAM dlya «Aviadvigatelya» [Materials and technologies of VIAM for Aviadvigatel] // Permskiye aviatsionnyye dvigateli: inform. byul. 2014. №S. S. 43–47.
7. Volosova M.A., Okunkova A.A. Puti optimizatsii protsessa selektivnogo lazernogo plavleniya pri pomoshchi strategii obrabotki lazernym luchom [Ways to optimize the process of selective laser melting using a laser beam processing strategy] // Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiyskoy akademii nauk. 2012. T. 14. №4 (2). S. 587–591.
8. Mazalov I.S., Evgenov A.G., Prager S.M. Perspektivy primeneniya zharoprochnogo strukturnostabilnogo splava VZh159 dlya additivnogo proizvodstva vysokotemperaturnyh detalej GTD [Perspectives of heat resistant structurally stable alloy VZh159 application for additive production of high-temperature parts of GTE] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2016. №S1. S. 3–7. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2016-0-S1-3-7.
9. Tsao G., Van I. Nanostruktury i nanomaterialy: sintez, svoystva i primeneniye [Nanostructures and nanomaterials: synthesis, properties and applications]. M.: Nauchnyy mir, 2012. 515 s.
10. Evgenov A.G., Nerush S.V., Vasilenko S.A. Poluchenie i oprobovanie melkodispersnogo metallicheskogo poroshka vysokohromistogo splava na nikelevoj osnove primenitelno k lazernoj LMD-naplavke [The obtaining and testing of the fine-dispersed metal powder of the high-chromium alloy on nickel-base for laser metal deposition] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2014. №5. St. 04. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: July 05, 2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2014-0-5-4-4.
11. Kablov E.N., Chabina E.B., Morozov G.A., Muravskaya N.P. Otsenka sootvetstviya novykh materialov s ispolzovaniyem SO i MI vysokogo urovnya [Conformity assessment of new materials using high-grade CO and MI] // Kompetentnost. 2017. №2. C. 40–46.
12. GOST 6689.18–92. Nikel, splavy nikelevyye i medno-nikelevyye. Metody opredeleniya sery [State Standard 6689.18–92. Nickel, nickel and copper-nickel alloys. Methods for the determination of sulfur]. M.: Gosstandart, 1992. S. 4.
13. GOST 6689.10–92. Nikel, splavy nikelevyye i medno-nikelevyye. Metody opredeleniya ugleroda [State Standard 6689.10–92. Nickel, nickel and copper-nickel alloys. Methods for determining carbon]. M.: Gosstandart, 1992. S. 4.
14. GOST 24018.7–91. Splavy zharoprochnyye na nikelevoy osnove. Metody opredeleniya ugleroda [State Standard 24018.7–91. Alloys heat-resistant on a nickel basis. Methods for determining carbon]. M.: Izd-vo standartov, 1991. S. 3.
15. GOST 24018.8–91. Splavy zharoprochnyye na nikelevoy osnove. Metody opredeleniya sery [State Standard 24018.8–91. Alloys heat-resistant on a nickel basis. Methods for the determination of sulfur]. M.: Izd-vo standartov, 1991. S. 3.
16. ASTME E1019-11. Standard Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys by Various Combustion and Fusion Techniques. ASTM International, 2011. P. 24.
17. Alekseev A.V., Rastegaeva G.Yu., Pakhomkina T.N. Opyt opredeleniya ugleroda, sery, kisloroda i azota v splavakh na osnove niobiya na gazoanalizatorakh firmy Leco [Experience of the determination of carbon, sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen in alloys based on niobium on the gas-analyzers of the Leco firm] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2018. №1. St. 03. URL: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: July 05, 2018). DOI: 10.18557/2307-6046-2018-0-1-3-3.
The paper studies the influence of atmospheric factors on the properties of polymethylmethacrylate and copolymer organic glasses after aging in different climatic zones. The assessment of physical and mechanical, optical characteristics, «silver resistance», softening temperature of organic glasses after aging in the conditions of FCC, Arizona (USA), Florida (USA). The basic features of the climatic ageing of organic glasses of the partially cross-linked structure: polimetilmetakrilata SO-120S and copolymer VOS-1 and VOS-2 – in the oriented and unoriented states. A comparative analysis of the data obtained with commercially used рlexiglas SO-120A, AO-120 and E-2.
2. Gudimov M.M., Sentyurin Ye.G., Trigub T.S. Serebrostoykost ostekleniya samoletov iz organicheskogo stekla v protsesse yego proizvodstva i ekspluatatsii [Silver resistance of glazing of airplanes made of organic glass in the process of its production and operation] // Aviatsionnaya promyshlennost. 1995. №9–10. S. 55–60.
3. Gudimov M.M. Treshchiny serebra na organicheskom stekle [Cracks of silver on organic glass]. M.: TSIPKK AP, 1997. 260 s.
4. Gudimov M.M., Perov B.V. Organicheskoye steklo [Organic glass]. M.: Khimiya, 1981. 215 s.
5. Sentyurin E.G., Mekalina I.V., Ajzatulina M.K., Isaenkova Yu.A. Istoriya sozdaniya materialov samoletnogo ostekleniya i polimernyh materialov so spetsialnymi svojstvami (k 75-letiyu laboratorii polimernyh materialov so spetsial'nymi svojstvami) [The history of aircraft materials of glass and polymer materials with special properties (To the 75th anniversary Laboratory of polymer materials with special properties)] // Aviatsionnye materialy i tekhnologii. 2017. №3 (48). S. 81–86. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2017-0-3-81-86.
6. Pavlyuk B.F. Osnovnye napravleniya v oblasti razrabotki polimernyh funktsionalnyh materialov [The main directions in the field of development of polymeric functional materials] // Aviatsionnye materialy i tekhnologii. 2017. №S. S. 388–392. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2017-0-S-388-392.
7. Sentyurin E.G., Mekalina I.V., Ayzatulina M.K., Bogatov V.A. Akrilatnyye vysokotemperaturnyye organicheskiye stekla. Opyt primeneniya. Perspektivy [Acrylate high-temperature organic glass. Experience of application. Perspectives] // Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Ser.: Khimiya i khimicheskaya tekhnologiya. 2015. T. 58. №8. S. 22–24.
8. Raskutin A.E. Rossiiskie polimernye kompozitsionnye materialy novogo pokoleniia, ikh osvoenie i vnedrenie v perspektivnykh razrabatyvaemykh konstruktsiiakh [Russian polymer composite materials of new generation, their exploitation and implementation in advanced developed constructions] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2017. №S. S. 349–367. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2017-0-S-349-367.
9. Lutsenko A.N., Odintsev I.N., Grinevich A.V. i dr. Issledovanie protsessa deformatsii materiala optiko-korrelyatsionnymi metodami [Study of material deformation by optical-correlation methods] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2014. №S4. S. 70–86. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2014-0-s4-70-86.
10. Yakovlev N.O. Issledovanie i opisanie relaksacionnogo povedeniya polimernyh materialov (obzor) [Study and description of relaxation behavior of polymers (review)] //Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2014. №S4. S. 50–54. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2014-0-s4-50-54.
11. Kablov E.N. Strategicheskie napravleniya razvitiya materialov i tehnologij ih pererabotki na period do 2030 goda [The strategic directions of development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period to 2030] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2012. №S. S. 7–17.
12. Kablov E.N. Materialy i khimicheskiye tekhnologii dlya aviatsionnoy tekhniki [Materials and chemical technologies for aviation technology] // Vestnik Rossiyskoy akademii nauk. 2012. T. 82. №6. S. 520–530.
13. Kablov E.N. Rol khimii v sozdanii materialov novogo pokoleniya dlya slozhnykh tekhnicheskikh sistem [The role of chemistry in the creation of a new generation of materials for complex technical systems] // Tez. dokl. KHKH Mendeleyevskogo s"yezda po obshchey i prikladnoy khimii. Yekaterinburg: UrO RAN, 2016. S. 25–26.
14. Kablov E.N. Innovacionnye razrabotki FGUP «VIAM» GNC RF po realizacii «Strategicheskih napravlenij razvitiya materialov i tehnologij ih pererabotki na period do 2030 goda» [Innovative developments of FSUE «VIAM» SSC of RF on realization of «Strategic directions of the development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period until 2030»] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2015. №1 (34). S. 3–33. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2015-0-1-3-33.
15. Akolzin S.V., Frolkov A.I. Vosstanovleniye rabotosposobnosti teplostoykogo aviatsionnogo ostekleniya pri remonte i v ekspluatatsii [Restoration of heat-resistant aviation glazing during repair and operation] // Aviatsionnaya promyshlennost. 2014. №1. S. 41–44.
Rheological tests allow to determine the behavior of the material under the unfluence of external loads, to evaluate its technological and operational characteristics and parameters. Рresents examples of the application of the rheological method for predicting the behavior of various polymer systems at the initial stage of development. Reviewed the results of tests of samples of a film silicone binder, the initial components for the paint coating based on polytetrafluorethylene, as well as model composition for investment casting.
2. Kablov E.N. Materialy novogo pokoleniya – osnova innovatsiy, tekhnologicheskogo liderstva i natsional'noy bezopasnosti Rossii [Materials of the new generation - the basis of innovation, technological leadership and national security of Russia] // Intellekt i tekhnologii. 2016. №2 (14). S. 16–21.
3. Zelenskiy E.S., Kuperman A.M., Gorbatkina Yu.A. i dr. Armirovannyye plastiki – sovremennyye konstruktsionnyye materialy [Reinforced plastics - modern construction materials] // Rossiyskiy khimicheskiy zhurnal. 2001. T. XLV. №2. S. 56–74.
4. Mamunya Ye., Lurzhenko M. Advances in progressive thermoplastic polymers, perspectives and application // Technopress. 2012. 425 р.
5. Kablov E.N., Chursova L.V., Lukina N.F., Kutsevich K.E., Rubtsova E.V., Petrova A.P. Issledovaniye epoksidno-polisul'fonovykh polimernykh sistem kak osnovy vysokoprochnykh kleyev aviatsionnogo naznacheniya [The study of epoxy-polysulfone polymer systems as the basis of high-strength adhesives for aviation purposes] // Klei. Germetiki. Tekhnologii. 2017. №3. S.7–12.
6. Zarubina A.Yu., Kozhevnikov V.S., Trofimov A.N. i dr. Reologicheskiye svoystva teplostoykikh svyazuyushchikh na osnove polifunktsionalnogo epoksidnogo oligomera [Rheological properties of heat-resistant binders based on polyfunctional epoxy oligomer] // Vestnik MITKHT. 2013. T. 8. №3. S. 63–66.
7. Muranov A.N., Malysheva G.V., Nelyub V.A. i dr. Issledovaniye svoystv polimernykh kompozitsionnykh materialov na osnove geterogennoy matritsy [Investigation of the Properties of Polymer Composite Materials Based on a Heterogeneous Matrix] // Vse materialy. Entsiklopedicheskiy spravochnik. 2012. №4. S. 2–6.
8. Volkov A.S., Kryuchkov I.A., Kerber M.L. i dr. Reokineticheskiye svoystva svyazuyushchego na osnove bifunktsionalnogo epoksidnogo oligomera v smesi s tetra- i poliglitsidilovymi modifikatorami [Reokinetic properties of a binder based on a bifunctional epoxy oligomer mixed with tetra- and polyglycidyl modifiers] // Uspekhi v khimii i khimicheskoy tekhnologii. 2007. T. XXI. №5 (73). S. 51–55.
9. Guseva M.A. Cianovye efiry – perspektivnye termoreaktivnye svyazujushhie (obzor) [Cyanic esters are prospective thermosetting binders (review)] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2015. №2 (35). S. 45–50.
10. Merkulova Yu.I., Muhametov R.R., Dolgova E.V., Ahmadieva K.R. Policianuratnoe svyazuyushhee dlya polucheniya kompozitov propitkoj pod davleniem [Polycyanurates binding for composites production by impregnation under pressure] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2016. №11 (47). St. 05. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: November 5, 2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2016-0-11-5-5.
11. Kopitsyna M.N., Bessonov I.V., Kotomin S.V. Treshchinostoykost epoksidnykh svyazuyushchikh, modifitsirovannykh termoplastichnym polisulfonom i furfurolatsetonovoy smoloy [Crack resistance of epoxy binders modified with thermoplastic polysulfone and furfurol-acetone resin] // Inzhenernyy zhurnal: nauka i innovatsii. 2016. №12. S. 1–9.
12. Guseva M.A. Besednov K.L., Khaskov M.A., Tkachuk A.I. Issledovaniye vliyaniya prirody epoksidnykh oligomerov na protsess sovmeshcheniya s termoplastichnymi modifikatorami [Study of the effect of the nature of epoxy oligomers on the process of combining with thermoplastic modifiers] // Mekhanika kompozitsionnykh materialov i konstruktsiy. 2017. T. 23. №4. S. 567–578.
13. Surikov P.V., Trofimov A.N., Kokhan E.I. i dr. Vliyaniye molekulyarnykh kharakteristik epoksidnykh oligomerov i ikh smesey na reologicheskiye svoystva [The influence of the molecular characteristics of epoxy oligomers and their mixtures on the rheological properties] // Plasticheskiye massy. 2009. №9. S. 3–7.
14. Babin A.N., Guseva M.A., Grebeneva T.A., Tkachuk A.I. Issledovanie reologicheskikh i strukturnykh kharakteristik epoksidnykh sviazuiushchikh, modifitsirovannykh poliizotsianatom [Study of the rheological and structural characteristics of the epoxy resins, modified by polyisocyanate] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tekhnich. zhurn. 2016. №1. St. 11. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: November 5, 2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2016-0-1-90-98.
15. Melnikov D.A., Khaskov M.A., Guseva M.A., Antyufeeva N.V. K voprosu o razrabotke rezhimov pressovaniya sloistykh PKM na osnove prepregov [To the question of the development of pressing mode for laminated PCMs based on prepregs] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tekhnich. zhurn. 2018. №2. St. 09. URL: http://www.viam-works.ru (data obrashcheniya: 05.11.2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2018-0-2-9-9.
16. Babin A.N., Guseva M.A. Reologicheskiy metod issledovaniya rastvorimosti komponentov v polimernykh kompozitsiyakh [Rheological method for studying the solubility of components in polymer compositions] // Vse materialy. Kommentarii k standartam, TU, sertifikatam. 2016. №4. S. 17–20.
17. Alentyev A.Yu., Yablokova M.Yu. Svyazuyushchiye dlya polimernykh kompozitsionnykh materialov: ucheb. posobiye [Binders for polymer composite materials: students guide]. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 2010. 69 s.
18. Mikhaylin A.Yu. Teplo-, termo- i ognestoykost' polimernykh materialov [Heat, heat and fire resistance of polymeric materials]. SPb.: Nauchnyye osnovy i tekhnologii, 2011. 416 s.
19. Kraev I.D., Popkov O.V., Shuldeshov E.M. i dr. Perspektivy ispolzovaniya kremniyorganicheskikh polimerov pri sozdanii sovremennykh materialov i pokrytiy razlichnykh naznacheniy [Prospects for the use of organosilicon elastomers in the development of modern polymer materials and coatings for various purposes] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tekhnich. zhurn. 2017. №12. St. 05. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: November 07, 2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2017-0-12-5-5.
20. Davydova I.F., Kavun N.S. Plenochnye kremnijorganicheskie svyazuyushhie dlya stekloplastikov [Film silicon organosilicon resins for glassfibers] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2014. №S2. S. 15–18. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2014-0-s2-15-18.
21. Severs E.T. Reologiya polimerov [Polymer rheology]. M.: Khimiya, 1966. 198 c.
22. Tager A.A. Fiziko-khimiya polimerov [Physical chemistry of polymers]. M.: Khimiya, 1968. 545 c.
23. Kiryukhin D.P., Kichigina G.A., Buznik V.M. Telomery tetraftoretilena: radiatsionno-khimicheskiy sintez, svoystva i perspektiva ispolzovaniya [Telomeres of tetrafluoroethylene: radiation-chemical synthesis, properties and prospects of use] // Vysokomolekulyarnyye soyedineniya. Ser.: A. 2013. T. 55. №11. C. 1321–1332.
24. Ospennikova O.G. Issledovanie i razrabotka parametrov tehnologicheskogo processa izgotovleniya modelej iz modelnyh kompozicij na osnove sinteticheskih voskov [Research and working out of parametres of technological process of manufacturing of models from modelling compositions on the basis of synthetic waxes] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2014. №3. S. 18–21. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2014-0-3-18-21.
25. Ospennikova O.G. Issledovanie vliyaniya napolnitelej na svojstva i stabilnost modelnyh kompozicij, vybor optimalnyh sostavov [Influence research of fillers on properties and stability of modelling compositions, a choice of optimum structures] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2014. №3. S. 14–17. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2014-0-3-14-17.
Microstructure and properties of HfB2–SiC–B4C–Si ceramics obtained via reactive melt infiltration of SiC–B4C–С porous preform using Si–Hf (8,5% ат.) alloy were studied. It was shown that the ceramics can be defined as a functionally graded material (FGM) in which SiC content increases, whereas HfB2 content decreases from the outer surface to the center. Therefore, HfB2–SiC–B4C ceramics has a rather low density and exhibits high oxidation resistance.
2. Kablov E.N., Ospennikova O.G., Vershkov A.V. Redkie metally i redkozemelnye elementy – materialy sovremennyh i budushhih vysokih tehnologij [Rare metals and rare-earth elements are materials for modern and future high technologies] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2013. №S2. S. 3–10.
3. Kablov E.N., Zhestkov B.E., Grashchenkov D.V., Sorokin O.Yu. et al. Investigation of the oxidative resistance of high-temperature coating based on a SiC material under exposure to high-enthalpy flow // High Temperature. 2017. Vol. 55. No. 6. Р. 857–863.
4. Kablov E.N., Ospennikova O.G., Svetlov I.L. Vysokoeffektivnoe ohlazhdenie lopatok goryachego trakta GTD [Highly efficient cooling of GTE hot section blades] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2017. №2 (47). S. 3–14. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2017-0-2-3-14.
5. Simonenko E.P., Sevastyanov D.V., Simonenko N.P., Sevastyanov V.G., Kuznetsov N.T. Promising ultra-high-temperature ceramic materials for aerospace applications // Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. 2013. Vol. 58. No. 14. Р. 1669–1693.
6. Grashchenkov D.V., Sorokin O.Yu., Lebedeva Yu.E., Vaganova M.L. Specific features of sintering of HfB2-based refractory ceramic by hybrid spark plasma sintering // Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry. 2015. Vol. 88. No. 3. Р. 386–393.
7. Sakharov K.A., Simonenko E.P., Simonenko N.P., Kablov E.N. et аl. Glycol-citrate synthesis of fine-grained oxides La2-xGdxZrO2O7 and preparation of corresponding ceramics using FAST/SPS process // Ceramics International. 2018. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.01.188.
8. Kablov E.N., Shchetanov B.V., Ivahnenko Yu.A., Balinova Yu.A. Perspektivnye armiruyushhie vysokotemperaturnye volokna dlya metallicheskih i keramicheskih kompozicionnyh materialov [Perspective reinforcing high-temperature fibers for metal and ceramic composite materials] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2013. №2. St. 05. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: April 05, 2018).
9. Okubo Y., Yano T., Yoshida K. et al. Fabrication of SiC fiber-reinforced SiC matrix composites by low temperature melt infiltration method using Si–Hf and Si–Y alloy // Mechanical Properties and Performance of Engineering Ceramics and Composites IX. 2015. P. 101–111.
10. Voigt R., Krenkel W., Motz G. Development of ultra-high temperature stable ceramics by reactive infiltration processes // Processing and properties of advanced ceramics and composites III. 2011. P. 123–130.
11. Aoki T., Ogasawara T., Okubo Y. et. al. Fabrication and properties of Si–Hf alloy melt-infiltrated Tyranno ZMI fiber/SiC-based matrix composites // Composites: Part A. No. 66. 2014. 155–162.
12. Aoki T., Ogasawara T. ZMI fiber/TiSi2–Si matrix composites for high temperature structural applications // Composites: Part A. 2015. No. 76. P. 102–109.
13. Kim S., Han I.S., Seong Y.-H., Kim D.K. Mechanical properties of C/SiC composite materials fabricated by the Si–Cr alloy melt-infiltration method // Journal of Composite Materials. 2015. Vol. 49 (24). P. 3057–3066.
14. Ruggles-Wrenn M., Pope M. Creep behaviour in interlaminar shear of a Hi–NicalonTM/SiC–B4C composite at 1200°C in air and steam // MATEC Web of Conferences. 2015. No. 29. P. 1–13.
15. Sorokin O.Yu., Grashhenkov D.V., Solntsev S.St., Evdokimov S.A. Keramicheskie kompozicionnye materialy s vysokoj okislitelnoj stojkostyu dlya perspektivnyh letatelnyh apparatov (obzor) [Ceramic composite materials with high oxidation resistance for the novel aircrafts (review)] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2014. №6. St. 08. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: October 27, 2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2014-0-6-8-8.
16. Kablov E.N. Innovacionnye razrabotki FGUP «VIAM» GNC RF po realizacii «Strategicheskih napravlenij razvitiya materialov i tehnologij ih pererabotki na period do 2030 goda» [Innovative developments of FSUE «VIAM» SSC of RF on realization of «Strategic directions of the development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period until 2030»] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2015. №1 (34). S. 3–33. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2015-0-1-3-33.
17. Niihara K.A. Fracture mechanics analysis of indentation-induced Palmqvist crack in ceramics // Journal of Materials Science Letters. 1983. Vol. 2. Р. 221–223.
18. CERAMTEC. Available at: http://www.ceramtec.com (accessed: June 01, 2018).
19. 3M Technical Ceramics. Available at: http://www.esk.com. (data obrashcheniya: accessed: June 01, 2018).
The possibility of niobium silicide synthesis by the spark plasma technique from a binary mixture of mechanical alloyed elemental powders is considered. The X-ray phase analysis of the synthesized samples of niobium silicide was carried out, their microstructure were investigated by the methods of scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray microscopic analysis were used to evaluate the elemental composition. The performed X-ray phase analysis of the synthesized samples demonstrated the preparation of stable tetragonal α-Nb5Si3 and hexagonal γ-Nb5Si3, stabilized by intercalation of carbon atoms. The stability of obtained samples of niobium silicide under 1500°Cfor 10 h was investigated.
2. Kablov E.N. Innovacionnye razrabotki FGUP «VIAM» GNC RF po realizacii «Strategicheskih napravlenij razvitiya materialov i tehnologij ih pererabotki na period do 2030 goda» [In-novative developments of FSUE «VIAM» SSC of RF on realization of «Strategic directions of the development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period until 2030»] //Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2015. №1 (34). S. 3–33. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2015-0-1-3-33.
3. Ospennikova O.G. Strategiya razvitiya zharoprochnyh splavov i stalej specialnogo naznacheniya, zashhitnyh i teplozashhitnyh pokrytij [Strategy of development of hot strength alloys and steels special purpose, protective and heat-protective coverings] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2012. №S. S. 19–36.
4. Kuzmina N.A., Bondarenko Yu.A. Issledovanie fazovogo sostava i struktury niobij-kremnievogo kompozita, poluchennogo metodom napravlennoj kristallizacii v zhidkome-tallicheskom ohladitele [The phase composition and structure of the niobium-silicon composite manufactured by directional solidification in the liquid metal cooler] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2016. №5. St. 03. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: November 20, 2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2016-0-5-3-3.
5. Svetlov I.L. Vysokotemperaturnyye Nb–Si kompozity [High-Temperature Nb–Si Composites] // Materialovedeniye. 2010. №9–10. S. 18–38.
6. Kablov E.N., Svetlov I.L., Yefimochkin I.Yu. Vysokotemperaturnyye Nb–Si-kompozity [High-Temperature Nb–Si Composites] // Vestnik MGTU im. N.E. Baumana. Ser.: Mashi-nostroyeniye. 2011. №SP2. S. 164–173.
7. Shchetanov B.V., Efimochkin I.Yu., Paegle S.V., Karachevtsev F.N. Issledovanie vysokotemperaturnoj prochnosti in-situ-kompozitov na osnove Nb, armirovannyh monokristallicheskimi voloknami α-Al2O3 [Study of high-temperature strength of Nb–Si–Ti in-situ-composites reinforced by single-crystal α-Al2O3] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2016. №3 (42). S. 53–59. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2016-0-3-53-59.
8. Chang K.M., Bewley B.P., Sattley J.A., Jackson M.R. Cold-Crusible Directional Solidification of Refractory Metal-Silicide Eutectics // Journal of Metals. 1992. Vol. 44. No. 6. P. 59.
9. Subramanian P.R., Mendiratta M.G., Dimiduk D.M. Development of Nb-based Advanced Intermetallic Alloys for Structural Application (Overview) // Journal of Metals. 1996. Vol. 48. No. 1. P. 33–38.
10. Jackson M.R., Bewley B.P., Rowe R.G., Skelly D.W. Lipsitt High Temperature Refractory Metall-Intermetallic Composites // Journal of Metals. 1996. Vol. 48. No. 1. P. 39–44.
11. Bewley B.P., Levandovsky J.J., Jackson M.R. Refractory Metall-Intermetallic in Situ Composites for Aircraft Engine (Overview) // Journal of Metals. 1997. Vol. 49. No. 8. P. 44–67.
12. Bewley V.P., Jackson M.R., Subramanian P.R. Processing High Temperature Refractory Metall-Silicide in Situ Composites (Overview) // Journal of Metals. 1999. Vol. 51. No. 4. P. 32–36.
13. Bewley B.P., Jackson M.R., Zhao J.C., Subramanian P.R. A Review of Very-High-Temperature Nb-Silicide-based Composites // Metallurgical and Materials Transactions. 2003. Vol. 34A. No. 10. P. 2043–2052.
14. Grashchenkov D.V., Shchetanov B.V., Efimochkin I.Yu. Razvitiye poroshkovoy metallurgii zharoprochnykh splavov [Development of powder metallurgy of superalloys] // Vse materialy. Entsiklopedicheskiy spravochnik. 2011. №5. S. 13–26.
15. Svetlov I.L., Kuzmina N.A., Zavodov A.V., Zaytsev D.V. Termicheskaya stabil'nost' poverkhnostey razdela mezhdu niobiyevoy matritsey i γ -Nb5Si3 silitsidom v kompozite na osnove sistemy Nb–Si [Thermal stability of interfaces between the niobium matrix and γ-Nb5Si3 silicide in eutectic Nb–Si composites] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tekhnich. zhurn. 2018. №8 (68). S. 28–37. URL: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: November 20, 2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2018-0-8-28-37.
16. Svetlov I.L., Abuzin Yu.A., Vlasenko S.Ya., Efimochkin I.Yu. i dr. Vysokotemperaturnyye niobiyevyye kompozity, uprochnennyye silitsidami niobiya [High-Temperature Niobium Composites Strengthened with Niobium Silicides] // Zhurnal funktsional'nykh materialov. 2007. T. 1. №2. S. 48–53.
17. Grashchenkov D.V., Shchetanov B.V., Efimochkin I.Yu., Sevostyanov N.V. Kompozitsionnyye materialy na osnove tugoplavkikh metallov [Composite materials based on refractory metals] // Konstruktsii iz kompozitsionnykh materialov 2016. №4. S. 16–23.
18. Kuz'mina N.A., Marchenko Ye.I., Yeremin N.N., Yakushev D.A. Issledovaniye defektov vnedreniya v polimorfnykh modifikatsiyakh silitsidov niobiya Nb5Si3 metodami atomi-sticheskogo komp'yuternogo modelirovaniya [The study of defects intro-duction in polymorphic modifications of niobium silicide Nb5Si3 by the methods of atomistic computer simulation] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tekhnich. zhurn. 2018. №1 (61). Ct. 02. URL: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: November 20, 2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2018-0-1-2-2.
19. Timofeyeva O.B., Kolodochkina V.G., Shvanova N.F., Neiman A.V. Issledovanie mikrostruktury vysokotemperaturnogo estestvenno kompozicionnogo materiala na osnove niobija, uprochnennogo intermetallidami silicida niobiya [The microstructure analysis of niobium-based high-temperature natural composite material reinforced with niobium silicide intermetallics] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2015. №1 (34). S. 60–64. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2015-0-1-60-64.
20. Savitskiy E.M., Efimov Yu.V., Bodak O.I., Kharchenko O.I., Myasnikova E.A. Sistema niobiy–kremniy–uglerod [System niobium–silicon–carbon] // Neorganicheskiye materialy. 1981. T. 17. №12. S. 2207–2210.
21. Kuzmina N.A., Eremin N.N., Marchenko E.I., Svetlov I.L. i dr. Puti diffuzii primesey vnedreniya v silitside niobiya Nb5Si3 razlichnykh polimorfnykh modifikatsiy [Ways of dif-fusion of impurities of intrusion in Nb5Si3 niobium silicide of various polymorphic modifications] // Kristallografiya. 2017. №4. S. 21–35.
22. Kablov E.N., Kuzmina N.A., Eremin N.N., Svetlov I.L., Neyman A.V. Atomnyye modeli struktury silitsidov niobiya v in situ kompozitakh Nb–Si [Atomic models of the structure of niobium silicides in in situ Nb–Si composites] // Zhurnal strukturnoy khimii. 2017. №3. S. 27–37.
The material of the heat-resistant alloy with a heat-resistant coating (Ni–Cr–Al–Ta–Re–Y–Hf)+(Al–Ni–Y)+(Zr–Gd–Y–O) was investigated. It is shown that as a result of vacuum annealing at 1050°C/3 h, interaction zones between components of the coating and the substrate alloy form in the structure of the material due to their mutual diffusion. After heat-resistant tests of 1200°C/100 h, the coating loses its layered structure, the morphology of the structural components changes, the composition of the main elements of the coating is aligned with its depth, which indicates the complete flow of diffusion processes.
2. Kablov E.N., Solntsev S.S., Rozenenkova V.A., Mironova N.A. Sovremennyye polifunktsionalnyye vysokotemperaturnyye pokrytiya dlya nikelevykh splavov, uplotnitelnykh metallicheskikh voloknistykh materialov i berilliyevykh splavov [Modern polyfunctional high-temperature coatings for nickel alloys, sealing metallic fiber materials and beryllium alloys] // Novosti materialovedeniya. Nauka i tekhnika: elektron. nauch.-tekhnich. zhurn. 2013. №1. St. 05. Available at: http://www. materialsnews.ru (accessed: October 29, 2018).
3. Muboyadzhyan S.A., Budinovskij S.A., Gayamov A.M., Smirnov A.A. Poluchenie keramicheskih teplozashhitnyh pokrytij dlya rabochih lopatok turbin aviacionnyh GTD magnetronnym metodom [Receiving ceramic heat-protective coatings for working blades of turbines of aviation GTD magnetronny method] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2012. №4. S. 3–8.
4. Chubarov D.A., Matveev P.V. Novye keramicheskie materialy dlya teplozashhitnyh pokrytij rabochih lopatok GTD [New ceramic materials for thermal barrier coating using in GTE turbine blades] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2013. №4. S. 43–46.
5. Budinovskij S.A., Chubarov D.A., Matveev P.V. . Sovremennye sposoby naneseniya teplozashhitnyh pokrytij na lopatki gazoturbinnyh dvigatelej (obzor) [Modern methods for deposition of thermal barrier coatings on GTE turbine blades] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2014. №S5. S. 38–44.
6. Chubarov D.A., Budinovskij S.A. Vybor keramicheskogo materiala dlya teplozashhitnyh pokrytij lopatok aviacionnyh turbin na rabochie temperatury do 1400°C [Choosing ceramic materials for thermal barrier coating of GTE turbine blades on working temperatures up to 1400°С] // Trudy VIAM : elektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2015. №4. St. 07. Available at: http://viam-works.ru (accessed: September 15, 2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2015-0-4-7-7.
7. Chubarov D.A., Budinovskij S.A., Smirnov A.A. Magnetronnyj sposob naneseniya keramicheskih sloev teplozashhitnyh pokrytij [Magnetron sputtering method for applying ceramic layers for thermal barrier coatings] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2016. №4. S. 23–30. DOI: 10.18577/2107-9140-2016-0-4-23-30.
8. Muboyadzhyan S.A., Budinovskij S.A., Gayamov A.M., Matveev P.V. Vysokotemperaturnye zharostojkie pokrytiya i zharostojkie sloi dlya teplozashhitnyh pokrytij [High-temperature heat resisting coverings and heat resisting layers for heat-protective coverings] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2013. №1. S. 17–20.
9. Kablov E.N., Muboyadzhyan S.A. Erozionnostoykiye pokrytiya dlya lopatok kompressora gazoturbinnykh dvigateley [Erosion-resistant coatings for compressor blades for gas turbine engines] // Elektrometallurgiya. 2016. №10. S. 23–38.
10. Matveev P.V., Budinovskij S.A., Chubarov D.A. Tehnologiya polucheniya ionno-plazmennyh zharostojkih podsloev s povyshennym soderzhaniem alyuminiya dlya perspektivnyh TZP [Technology for production of ion-plasma heat-resistant bonding sub-layers with increased aluminum content for advanced TBCs] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2014. №S5. S. 56–60. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2014-0-s5-56-60.
11. Smirnov A.A., Budinovskij S.A., Matveev P.V., Chubarov D.A. Razrabotka teplozashhitnyh pokrytij dlya lopatok TVD iz nikelevyh monokristallicheskih splavov VZhM4, VZhM5U [The development of thermal barrier coatings for turbine blades of single-crystal nickel alloys VZHM4, VZHM5U] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2016. №1. St. 03. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: September 15, 2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2016-0-1-17-24.
12. Walston W.S., Schaefer J.C., Murphy W.H. A new type of microstructural instability in superalloys – SRZ // Superalloys. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 1996. P. 9–18.
13. Budinovskiy S.A., Muboyadzhyan S.A., Gayamov A.M., Kos'min A.A. Zharostoykiye ionno-plazmennyye pokrytiya dlya lopatok turbin iz nikelevykh splavov, legirovannykh reniyem [Heat-resistant ion-plasma coatings for turbine blades of nickel alloys alloyed with rheniu] // MiTOM. 2008. №6. C. 31–36.
14. Gayamov A.M., Budinovskij S.A., Muboyadzhyan S.A., Kosmin A.A. Vybor zharostojkogo pokrytija dlya zharoprochnogo nikelevogo renij-rutenijsoderzhashhego splava marki VZhM4 [Selection of heat-resistant coating with metalloceramic barrier layer for protection of Re-Ru nickel-based superalloy] // Trudy VIAM : elektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2014. №1. St. 01. Available at: http://viam-works.ru (accessed: September 18, 2018).
15. Kablov E.N. Innovacionnye razrabotki FGUP «VIAM» GNC RF po realizacii «Strategicheskih napravlenij razvitiya materialov i tehnologij ih pererabotki na period do 2030 goda» [Innovative developments of FSUE «VIAM» SSC of RF on realization of «Strategic directions of the development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period until 2030»] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2015. №1 (34). S. 3–33. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2015-0-1-3-33.
16. Cutler R.W. The 1200°C Isothermal Sections of the Ni–Al–Cr and the Ni–Al–Mo Ternary Phase Diagrams: thesis for the Master Science Degree in Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering. Ohio. 2011. 58 p.
17. Grushko B., Kowalski W., Pavlyuchkov D. etc. A contribution to the Al–Ni–Cr phase diagram // Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2008. №460. P. 299–304.
In this work the main tendencies of development in the field of creation of erosion resistant paint, polymer and complex coatings for protection of metal wares and composite materials are considered. The main principles by which it is necessary to be guided at creation of erosion resistant coatings are revealed. The main requirements causing choice of basic components of protecting cover are considered. Groups of technologies and structures of coverings in compliance with the carried-out analysis are revealed. Leaders in the field of development of erosion resistant coatings are also defined.
2. Kablov Ee.N. Materialy novogo pokoleniya – osnova innovatsiy, tekhnologicheskogo liderstva i natsionalnoy bezopasnosti Rossii [Materials of the new generation - the basis of innovation, technological leadership and national security of Russia] // Intellekt i tekhnologii. 2016. №2 (14). S. 16–21.
3. Simonenko E.P., Simonenko N.P., Derbenev A.V., Nikolaev V.A., Sevastyanov V.G., Kuznetsov N.T., Grashchenkov D.V., Kablov E.N. Synthesis of nanocrystalline silicon carbide using the sol-gel technique // Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. 2013. Vol. 58. No. 10. P. 1143–1151.
4. Kablov E.N. Innovacionnye razrabotki FGUP «VIAM» GNC RF po realizacii «Strategicheskih napravlenij razvitiya materialov i tehnologij ih pererabotki na period do 2030 goda» [Innovative developments of FSUE «VIAM» SSC of RF on realization of «Strategic directions of the development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period until 2030»] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2015. №1 (34). S. 3–33. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2015-0-1-3-33.
5. Lavrov A.V., Erasov V.S., Landik D.N. Ob odnom podhode k traktovke obedinennoj teorii prochnosti Ya.B. Fridmana [One of the approaches to interpretation of the united strength theory of Ya.B. Fridman] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2017. №2 (47). S. 87–94. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2017-0-2-87-94.
6. Platonov A.A. Polimernye kompozicionnye materialy na osnove proshitogo napolnitelya s povyshennoj udarostojkostyu [Polymer composite materials on a base of stitched preforms with high impact resistance] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2014. №4. S. 43–47. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2014-0-4-43-47.
7. Vinogradov S.S., Demin S.A., Balahonov S.V., Kirillova O.G. Neorganicheskie kompozicionnye pokrytiya – perspektivnoe napravlenie v oblasti zashhity ot korrozii uglerodistyh stalej [Inorganic composite coatings – a perspective direction in the field of anticorrosive protection of carbon steels] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2016. №2 (41). S. 76–87. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2016-0-2-76-87.
8. Ogneerozionnostoykiy broniruyushchiy sostav dlya zaryada iz ballistitnogo tverdogo raketnogo topliva: pat. 2316528 Ros. Federatsiya [Flame retardant reservation composition for the charge of ballistic solid rocket fuel: pat. 2316528 Rus. Federation]; zayavl. 16.08.06; opubl. 10.02.08.
9. Antikorrozionnaya lakokrasochnaya kompozitsiya: pat. 2169165 Ros. Federatsiya [Anticorrosive paint and varnish composition: pat. 2169165 Rus. Federation]; zayavl. 29.12.99; opubl. 20.06.01.
10. Urethane coating composition and process: pat. 4110317 US; field 10.01.1974; publ. 29.08.78.
11. Coating composition process for the preparation of coatings and coated substrate: pat. 4576868 US; field 14. 09. 84; publ. 18.03.86.
12. Antennyy obtekatel: pat. 2277738 Ros. Federatsiya [Antenna fairing: pat. 2277738 Rus. Federation]; zayavl. 23.11.04; opubl. 10.06.06.
13. Clear paint and production thereof: pat. 6079069 JP; field 07.10. 83; publ. 04.05.85.
14. Erosion resistant anti-icing coatings: pat. 2006281861 US; field 13. 06.05; publ. 14.12.06.
15. Hydrophobic coating compositions, articles coated with said compositions, and processes for manufacturing same: pat. 7268179 US; field 30.09.03; publ. 11.09.07.
16. A method for producing a protective layer, protective layer, and using the same component with a protective layer: app. 10329049 DE; field 09.12.03; publ. 13.01.05.
17. Process for producing resin composition containing inorganic filler: pat. 60079423 EP; field 25. 09.96; publ. 10.09.97.
18. White radiotransparent antistatic paints for satellites: pat. 0487366 FR; field 25.10.91; publ. 27.05.92.
19. Kompozitsiya dlya antikorrozionnogo pokrytiya: pat. 2009153 Ros. Federatsiya [Composition for anti-corrosion coating: pat. 2009153 Rus. Federation]; zayavl. 23.11.92; opubl. 15.03.94.
20. Compositions for coatings: pat. 1502591 SU; field 31.03.87; publ. 23.08.89.
21. Elastomeric formulation used in the construction of lightweight aircraft engine fan blades: pat. 6287080 US; field 15.11.99; publ. 11.09.01.
22. Elastomer coated layer for erosion and/or fire protection: pat. 5908528 US; field 16.04.98; publ. 06.01.99.
23. Elastomer coated layer for erosion and/or fire protection: pat. 5912195 US; field 16.04.98; publ. 15.06.99.
24. Sostav dlya zashchitnogo pokrytiya: pat. 2290421 Ros. Federatsiya [Composition for a protective coating: pat. 2290421 Rus. Federation]; zayavl. 01.08.05; opubl. 27.12.06.
25. Polimernaya kompozitsiya dlya pokrytiy: pat. 2333925 Ros. Federatsiya [Polymer composition for coatings: pat. 2333925 Rus. Federation]; zayavl. 11.05.07; opubl. 20.09.08.
26. Sostav dlya zashchity polimernykh kompozitsionnykh materialov: pat. 2215012 Ros. Federatsiya [Composition for the protection of polymer composite materials: pat. 2215012 Rus. Federation]; zayavl. 27.11.01; opubl. 27.10.03.
27. Composite coating for imparting particle erosion resistance: pat. 6706405 US; field 11. 02.02; publ. 16.03.04.
28. Erosion resistant surface protection: pat. 5486096 US; field 30.06.94; publ. 23.01.96.
29. Composite airfoil leading edge protection: pat. 5449273 US; field 21.03.94; publ. 12.09.95.
30. Coating composition forming wear-resistant coat and article covered with the coat: pat. 630650; field 19.03.98; pub. 23.10.01.
31. Method and apparatus for laying roadway materials: pat. 9711129 EU; field 20.09.96; publ. 27.03.97.
32. Coating composition forming wear-resistant coat and article covered with the coat: pat. 0869154 JP; field 20.09.96; publ. 07.10.98.
33. Composition for providing an abrasion resistant coating on a substrate with a matched refractive index and controlled tintability: pat. 6342097 US; field 20.04.00; publ. 29.01.02.
34. Fast curable epoxy compositions containing imidazole-and 1-(aminoalkyl) imidazole-isocyanate adducts: pat. 8357764 US; field 30. 10.09; publ. 22.01.13.
35. Erosion resistant films for use on heated aerodynamic surfaces: pat. 8096508 US; field 10.08.07; publ. 17.01.12.
36. Method for the preparation of protective coatings having enhanced characteristics: pat. 972272 US; field 04.12.96; publ.13.11.97.
37. Cycloaliphatic epoxy compounds: pat. 0946569 EU; field 16.12.97; publ. 20.08.03.
38. Cycloaliphatic epoxy compounds: pat. 982709 Italy; field 16.12.97; publ. 13.08.98.
39. Preparation method of temperature-resistant and erosion-resistant coating for walling of flue: pat. 101096460 CN; field 30.06.06; publ. 02.01.08.
40. Organic-inorganic hybrid resin containing sesquialter siloxane and preparation method and use thereof: pat. 101139442 CN; field 22.08.07; publ. 07.12.11.
41. Sostav dlya zashchity polimernykh kompozitsionnykh materialov: pat. 2215012 Ros. Federatsiya [Composition for the protection of polymer composite materials: pat. 2215012 Rus. Federation]; zayavl. 27.11.01; opubl. 27.10.03.
42. Karabanov S.M., Suvorov D.V., Slivkin E.V. I dr. Uvelicheniye erozionnoy stoykosti pokrytiy elektrodov vakuumnykh i gazorazryadnykh kommutatsionnykh priborov [Increase of erosion resistance of coatings of electrodes of vacuum and gas-discharge switching devices] // Vestnik RGRTU. 2015. № 54. Ch. 2. S. 127–131.
43. Kompozitnyye listy na osnove termoplasta, vklyuchayushchiye natural'nyye volokna: pat. 2386724 Ros. Federatsiya [Composite sheets based on thermoplastic, including natural fibers: pat. 2386724 Rus. Federation]; zayavl. 08.11.05; opubl. 20.04.10.
44. Sistema zashchity ot erozionno-korrozionnogo razrusheniya korpusov morskikh sudov i sooruzheniy: pat. 2496916 Ros. Federatsiya [The system of protection against erosion-corrosion damage to the hulls of marine vessels and structures: pat. 2496916 Rus. Federation]; zayavl. 17.05.12; opubl. 27.10.13.
45. Zhestkov B.E., Terent’eva V.S. Cite as Multifunctional coating MAI D5 intended for the protection of refractory materials// Russian Metallurgy (Metally) 2010. Vol. 2010. Issue 1. P. 33–40.
46. Sposob polucheniya materiala dlya vysokotemperaturnogo erozionnostoykogo zashchitnogo pokrytiya: pat. 2522552 Ros. Federatsiya [The method of obtaining material for high-temperature erosion-resistant protective coating: pat. 2522552 Rus. Federation]; zayavl. 01.11.12; opubl. 20.07.14.
47. Coating for aerospace aluminum parts: pat. 6171704 US; field 29.12.95; publ. 09.01.01.
48. Anti-fouling coating for turbomachinery: pat. 615954 US; field 28.07.99; publ. 12.12.00.
49. Heat and rain erosion resistant coating: pat. 200802086 US; field 28.11.06; publ. 21.02.08.
50. Erosions systems and components comprising the same: pat. 7875354 US; field 28.03.08; publ. 25.01.11.
51. Abrasion resistant coatings: pat. 7736745 US; field 24.05.05; publ. 15.06.10.
52. Thiophene-containing poly(arylene ether) sulfones: pat. 5410013 US; field 01.06.94; publ. 25.04.95.
53. Removable magnetic liner and processes of production, installation, and use thereof: pat. 8287791 US; field 23.12.09; publ. 16.10.12.
54. Processes for repairing erosion resistant coatings: pat. 2008248300 US; field 05.04.07; publ. 09.10.08.
55. Erosion resistant surface and method of making erosion resistant surfaces: pat. 7968184 US; field 03.12.07; publ. 28.06.11.
56. Two-component coating compositions and coatings produced therefrom for improving erosion resistance: pat. 2951466 EU; field 28.04.15; publ. 07.01.16.
57. Method for producing a protective coating for a component of a turbomachine, the component itself and the respective machine: pat. 2010239873 EU; field 10.03.10; publ. 23.09.10.
58. Preparation method for oxidized graphene erosion-resistant coating attached to iron surface: pat. 105215346 CN; field 30.08.15; publ. 06.01.16.
59. Kuznetsova V.A. Erozionnostoykaya kompozitsiya na osnove trekhfaznoy sistemy: epoksidnyy oligomer–kauchuk–armiruyushchiy napolnitel: dis. … kand. tekhn. nauk [Erosion-resistant composition based on a three-phase system: epoxy oligomer–rubber–reinforcing filler: thesis, Cand. Sci. (Tech.)]. M.: VIAM, 1999. 129 s.
60. Chernoyarov S.A., Ivanov A.V., Borkova A.N., Pomakhayeva L.I., Pomakhayev V.P., Anikhovskaya L.I., Kuznetsova V.A. Issledovaniya stoykosti k kapleudarnoy erozii steklotekstolita s polimernymi zashchitnymi pokrytiyami [Studies of resistance to droplet-impact erosion of fiberglass with polymeric protective coatings] // Aviacionnyye materialy i tehnologii. 2003. №3. S. 73–75.
61. Borkova A.N. Erozionnaya stoykost aviatsionnykh materialov pri soudarenii s tverdymi (pylevymi) chastitsami: dis. … kand. tekhn. nauk [Erosion resistance of aviation materials in collisions with solid (dust) particles: thesis, Cand. Sci. (Tech.)]. M.: VIAM, 2006. 125 s.
62. Astruc A., Joliff E., Chailan J.-F. et al. Incorporation of kaolin fillers into an epoxy polyamidoamine matrix for coatings // Progress in Organic Coatings. 2009. Vol. 65. Issue 1. P. 158–168.
63. Omid G. Impact of erosion testing aspects on current and future flight conditions // Progress in Aerospace Science. 2011. Vol. 47. Issue 4. P. 280–303.
64. Grundwürmer M., Nuyken O., Meyer M. Sol-gel derived erosion protection coatings against damage caused by liquid impact // 16th International Conference on Wear of Materials. 2007. Vol. 263. Issue 1–6. P. 318–329.
65. Farhadinejad Z., Ehsani M., Moemen-Bellah S. Dynamic mechanical and thermal behavior evaluation of an epoxy/anhydride/nano-aluminum oxide composite system // High Performance Polymers. 2013. Vol. 25. Issue 5. P. 518–525.
66. Li Ying Guo, Li Yan Wang, Xin Su. Research Progress of New Methods for Toughening Epoxy Resin // Advanced Materials Research. 2012. Vol. 490–495. P. 3598–3602.
67. Stroganov V.F., Stroganova I.V. Filled epoxy polymer couplings with «shape memory» effect // Polymer Science (Series D). 2011. Vol. 4. Issue 3. P. 183–187.
Requirements for modes, parameters and test equipment for state and international systems of standards are given. The difference in the structure of state and international documents is shown. The analysis of the radiation contrast in the formation of the radiation image and the optical contrast in the conversion of the radiation image into optical, obtained according to the requirements of GOST and ISO. The obtained values were compared with each other. The results of the comparison showed that in compliance with the requirements of Russian standards, a radiation image with a higher radiation contrast is formed, while the optical contrast of the x-ray image is slightly lower than the optical contrast of the image according to the requirements in the ISO system. The quality of the x-ray images obtained according to different normative documents is approximately the same at the final stage.
2. Kablov E.N. Materialy novogo pokoleniya osnova innovatsiy, tekhnologicheskogo liderstva i natsionalnoy bezopasnosti Rossii [Materials of the new generation the basis of innovation, technological leadership and national security of Russia] // Intellekt i tekhnologii. 2016. №2 (14). S. 1621.
3. Kablov E.N. Iz chego sdelat budushcheye? Materialy novogo pokoleniya, tekhnologii ikh sozdaniya i pererabotki – osnova innovatsiy [What to make the future from? Materials of the new generation, technologies of their creation and processing are the basis of innovations] // Vestnik RFFI. 2017. №3. S. 97105.
4. Kablov E.N. Stanovleniye otechestvennogo kosmicheskogo materialovedeniya [The formation of domestic space science] // Krylya Rodiny. 2016. №5. S. 818.
5. Ospennikova O.G., Lukin V.I., Afanasyev-Khodykin A.N., Galushka I.A., Shevchenko O.V. Perspektivnyye razrabotki v oblasti vysokotemperaturnoy payki zharoprochnykh splavov [Advanced developments in the field of the high-temperature soldering of heat resisting alloys] // Aviacionnyye materialy i tehnologii. 2017. №S. S. 144–158. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2017-0-S-144-158.
6. Ospennikova O.G. Itogi realizacii strategicheskih napravlenij po sozdaniyu novogo pokoleniya zharoprochnyh litejnyh i deformiruemyh splavov i stalej za 2012–2016 gg. [Implementation results of the strategic directions on creation of new generation of heat-resisting cast and wrought alloys and steels for 2012–2016] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2017. №S. S. 17–23. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2017-0-S-17-23.
7. GOST R 1.5–2012. Standartizatsiya v Rossiyskoy Federatsii. Standarty natsionalnyye. Pravila postroyeniya, izlozheniya, oformleniya i oboznacheniya [State Standard 1.5–2012. Standardization in the Russian Federation. Standards national. Rules of construction, presentation, design and notation]. M.: Standartinform, 2016. 25 s.
8. GOST R 1.7–2014. Standartizatsiya v Rossiyskoy Federatsii. Standarty natsionalnyye. Pravila oformleniya i oboznacheniya pri razrabotke na osnove primeneniya mezhdunarodnykh standartov [State Standard 1.7–2014. Standardization in the Russian Federation. Standards national. Rules of design and designations in the development based on the application of international standards]. M.: Standartinform, 2016. 32 s.
9. Stepanov A.V., Kosarina E.I. Trebovaniya rentgenograficheskogo nerazrushayushchego kontrolya v rossiyskikh i zarubezhnykh standartakh [Requirements of radiographic non-destructive testing in Russian and foreign standards] // Kommentarii k standartam, TU, sertifikatam. 2013. №9. S. 27.
10. Kosarina E.I., Stepanov A.V., Krupnina O.A., Demidov A.A. Obyektivnost otsenki chuvstvitelnosti radiatsionnogo kontrolya po etalonam chuvstvitelnosti, reglamentirovannym GOST 7512 [Objectivity in assessing the sensitivity of radiation monitoring by sensitivity standards, regulated by State Standard 7512] // Kommentarii k standartam, TU, sertifikatam: yezhemesyachnoye prilozheniye k zhurnalu «Vse materialy. Entsiklopedicheskiy spravochnik». 2016. №5. S. 2–10.
11. Demidov A.A., Stepanov A.V., Turbin Ye.M., Krupnina O.A. O rezhimakh rentgenovskogo kontrolya, obespechivayushchikh formirovaniye radiatsionnykh izobrazheniy s zadannym kontrastom [The х-ray testing modes providing with radiation imaging with predetermined contrast] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2016. №4 (45). S. 80–85. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2016-0-4-80-85.
12. GOST 23055–78. Kontrol nerazrushayushchiy. Klassifikatsiya svarnykh soyedineniy po rezultatam radiograficheskogo kontrolya [State Standard 23055–78. Nondestructive control. Classification of welded joints according to the results of radiographic testing]. M.: Izd-vo standartov, 2005. 6 s.
13. GOST 7512–82. Kontrol nerazrushayushchiy. Soyedineniya svarnyye. Radiograficheskiy metod [State Standard 7512–82. Nondestructive control. Welded joints]. M.: Standartinform, 2008. 18 s.
14. GOST 20426–82. Kontrol nerazrushayushchiy. Metody defektoskopii radiatsionnyye. Oblast primeneniya [State Standard 20426–82. Nondestructive control. The methods of radiation flaw detection. Application area]. M.: Izd-vo standartov, 1991. 24 s.
15. Sosnin F.R. Nerazrushayushchiy kontrol: spravochnik: v 7 t. / pod obshch. red. V.V. Klyuyeva [Sosnin F.R. Non-Destructive Testing: A Handbook: at 7 vol. / gen ed. By V.V. Klyuev]. M.: Mashinostroyeniye, 2006. T. 1: Radiatsionnyy kontrol. 560 s.
16. Dobromyslov V.A. Radiatsionnyye metody nerazrushayushchego kontrolya [Radiation methods of non-destructive testing]. M.: Mashinostroyeniye, 1999. 104 s.
17. Kosarina E.I. Teoreticheskiye aspekty i tekhnologiya radiatsionnogo nerazrushayushchego kontrolya materialov i izdeliy aviatsionnoy tekhniki: dis. … dokt. tekhn. nauk [Theoretical aspects and technology of radiation non-destructive testing of materials and products of aviation equipment: thesis, Doc. Sc. ITech.)]. M., 2000. 279 s.
18. Stepanov A.V., Kosarina E.I., Savvina N.A. Sravneniye trebovaniy rentgenovskogo kontrolya i kachestva rentgenograficheskikh snimkov v yevropeyskikh normakh i rossiyskikh standartakh [Comparison of X-ray inspection requirements and the quality of radiographic images in European standards and Russian standards] // Vestnik MEI. 2011. №4. S. 85–89.
19. Klyuyev V.V., Sosnin F.R. Teoriya i praktika radiatsionnogo kontrolya: ucheb. posobiye dlya studentov vuzov [Theory and practice of radiation monitoring: studies manual for university students]. M.: Mashinostroyeniye, 1998. 170 s
20. ISO 11699-1–2008. Kontrol nerazrushayushchiy. Rentgenograficheskiye plenki dlya promyshlennoy radiografii [ISO 11699-1–2008. Nondestructive control. Radiographic films for industrial radiography]. M.: Standartinform, 2014. Ch. 1: Klassifikatsiya plenochnykh sistem dlya radiografii. 14 s.
21. Velichko V.Ya. Parametry kachestva radiograficheskikh izobrazheniy svarnykh soyedineniy po novym standartam GOST ISO 17636-1,2-2017 [Quality parameters of radiographic images of welded joints according to new standards State Standard ISO 17636-1,2-2017] // V mire nerazrushayushchego kontrolya. 2018. T. 21. №3. S. 2124.
22. Rentgenotekhnika: spravochnik v 2-kh kn. / pod red. V.V. Klyuyeva [Radiotechnology: a reference book in 2 books / ed. by V.V. Klyuev]. M.: Mashinostroyeniye, 1992. 848 s.
23. Rumyantsev S.V. Radiatsionnaya defektoskopiya. izd. 2-e [Radiation flaw detection. ed. 2nd]. M.: Atomizdat, 1974. 512 s.
24. Rumyantsev S.V., Dobromyslov V.A., Borisov O.I. Tipovyye metodiki radiatsionnoy defektoskopii i zashchity [Typical methods of radiation flaw detection and protection]. M.: Atomizdat, 1979. 197 s.
25. Rumyantsev S.V., Shtan A.S., Goltsev V.A. Spravochnik po nerazrushayushchim metodam nerazrushayushchego kontrolya [Handbook of non-destructive non-destructive testing]. M.: Energoatomizdat, 1982. 261 s.
Hot corrosion testing of superalloys can be conducted using burner rig, deposit recoat method or electrochemical testing. Periodical deposition of salts, followed by heating in furnace is the most common way to evaluate resistance of superalloy to hot corrosion. 75% Na2SO4+25% NaCl is the most common corrosive solution for this type of testing. Test temperatures range from 650 to 950°C. The main criteria for assessment of alloys resistance to hot corrosion is gravimetry, which is used to measure weight loss and corrosion depth. Many researchers have also investigated the influence of hot corrosion on mechanical properties of high temperature alloys.
2. Kosmin A.A., Budinovskiy S.A., Matveyev P.V., Smirnov A.A. Issledovaniye zharoprochnogo splava ZhS36 s razlichnymi tipami ionno-plazmennykh zashchitnykh pokrytiy na stoykost k sulfidno-oksidnoy korrozii v oblasti temperatur 850–900°C [Research of sulfide-oxide corrosion resistance of ZhS36 nickel superalloy with different types of ion-plasma coatings in temperature range 850–900°С] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2015. №12. St. 05. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: August 24, 2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2015-0-12-5-5.
3. Bazyleva O.A., Arginbayeva E.G., Lutskaya S.A. Metody povysheniya korrozionnoy stoykosti zharoprochnykh nikelevykh splavov (obzor) [Ways of increasing corrosion resistance of superalloys (review)] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2018. №4. St. 01. URL: http://www.viam-works.ru (data obrashcheniya: 24.08.2018). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2018-0-4-3-8.
4. Kosmin A.A., Budinovskiy S.A., Muboyadzhyan S.A. Zharo- i korrozionnostoykoye pokrytiye dlya rabochikh lopatok turbiny iz perspektivnogo zharoprochnogo splava VZhL21 [Heat and corrosion resistant coating for working turbine blades from promising high-temperature alloy VZhL21] // Aviacionnyye materialy i tekhnologii. 2017. №1 (46). S. 17–24. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2017-0-1-17-24.
5. Kablov E.N., Muboyadzhyan S.A., Budinovskiy S.A., Pomelov Ya.A. Ionno-plazmennyye zashchitnyye pokrytiya dlya lopatok gazoturbinnykh dvigateley [Ion-plasma protective coatings for blades of gas turbine engines] // Konversiya v mashinostroyenii. 1999. №2. S. 42–47.
6. Inozemtsev A.A., Nikhamkin M.A., Sandratskiy V.L. Osnovy konstruirovaniya aviatsionnykh dvigateley i energeticheskikh ustanovok [Basics of designing aircraft engines and power plants]. M.: Mashinostroyeniye, 2008. T. 2: Kompressory. Kamery sgoraniya. Forsazhnyye kamery. Turbiny. Vykhodnyye ustroystva. 367 s.
7. Bratukhin A.G., Reshetnikov Yu.E., Inozemtsev A.A. i dr. Osnovy tekhnologii sozdaniya gazoturbinnykh dvigateley dlya magistral'nykh samoletov [Fundamentals of technology for creating gas turbine engines for long-haul aircraft]. M.: Aviatekhinform, 1999. 553 s.
8. Kablov E.N., Ospennikova O.G., Lomberg B.S. Strategicheskiye napravleniya razvitiya konstruktsionnykh materialov i tekhnologiy ikh pererabotki dlya aviatsionnykh dvigateley nastoyashchego i budushchego [Strategic directions of development of structural materials and technologies for their processing for aviation engines of the present and the future] // Avtomaticheskaya svarka. 2013. №10. S. 23–32.
9. Kablov E.N. Strategicheskie napravleniya razvitiya materialov i tehnologij ih pererabotki na period do 2030 goda [The strategic directions of development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period to 2030] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2012. №S. S. 7–17.
10. Kablov E.N. Innovacionnye razrabotki FGUP «VIAM» GNC RF po realizacii «Strategicheskih napravlenij razvitiya materialov i tehnologij ih pererabotki na period do 2030 goda» [Innovative developments of FSUE «VIAM» SSC of RF on realization of «Strategic directions of the development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period until 2030»] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2015. №1 (34). S. 3–33. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2015-0-1-3-33.
11. Nicholls J.R., Saunders S.R.J. Comparison of hot-salt corrosion behaviour of superalloys in high and low velocity burner rigs // High Temperature Technology. 1989. Vol. 7. Is. 4. P. 193–201. DOI: 10.1080/02619180.1989.11753437.
12. Mahobia G.S., Paulose N., Mannan S.L. et al. Effect of hot corrosion on low cycle fatigue behavior of superalloy IN718 // International Journal of Fatigue. 2014. Vol. 59. P. 272–281. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2013.08.009.
13. Mannava V., Rao A.S., Paulose N. et al. Hot corrosion studies on Ni-base superalloy at 650°C under marine-like environment conditions using three salt mixture (Na2SO4+NaCl+NaVO3) // Corrosion Science. 2016. Vol. 105. P. 109–119. DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2016.01.008.
14. Zhao S., Xie X., Smith G.D., Patel S.J. Research and Improvement on structure stability and corrosion resistance of nickel-base superalloy INCONEL alloy 740 // Materials and Design. 2006. Vol. 27. P. 1120–1127. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2005.03.015.
15. Lortrakul P., Trice R.W., Trumble K.P., Dayananda M.A. Investigation of the mechanisms of Type-II hot corrosion of superalloy CMSX-4 // Corrosion Science. 2014. Vol. 80. P. 408–415. DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2013.11.048.
16. Sumner J., Encinas-Oropesa A., Simms N.J., Nicholls J.R. Type II hot corrosion: Kinetics studies of CMSX-4 // Oxidation of Metals. 2013. Vol. 80. Is. 5–6. P. 553–563. DOI: 10.1007/s11085-013-9395-x.
17. Sumner J., Encinas-Oropesa A., Simms N.J., Nicholls J.R. Type II hot corrosion: Behavior of CMSX-4 and IN738LC as a function of corrosion environment // Materials and Corrosion. 2014. Vol. 65. P. 188–196. DOI: 10.1002/maco.201307425.
18. Nicholls J.R., Simms N.J., Encinas-Oropesa A. Modelling hot corrosion in industrial gas turbines // Materials at High Temperatures. 2007. Vol. 24. Is. 3. P. 149–162. DOI: 10.3184/096034007X263587.
19. Aung N.N., Liu X. Effect of temperature on coal ash hot corrosion resistance of Inconel 740 superalloy // Corrosion Science. 2014. Vol. 82. P. 227–238. DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2014.01.020.
20. Sahu J.K., Ravi Kumar B., Das S.K. et al. Isothermal high temperature low cycle fatigue behavior of Nimonic-263: Influence of type I and type II hot corrosion // Materials Science and Engineering A. 2015. Vol. 622. P. 131–138. DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2014.11.016.
21. Sahu J.K., Gupta R.K., Swaminathan J. et al. Influence of hot corrosion on low cycle fatigue behavior of nickel base superalloy SU 263 // International Journal of Fatigue. 2013. Vol. 51. P. 68–73. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2013.02.006.
22. El-Awadi G.A., Abdel-Samad S., Elshazly E.S. Hot corrosion behavior of Ni based Inconel 617 and Inconel 738 superalloys // Applied surface science. 2016. Vol. 378. P. 224–230. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.03.181.
23. Sumner J., Potter A., Simms N.J., Oakey J.E. Hot corrosion resistance of gas turbine materials in combusted syngas environments // Materials at High Temperatures. 2015. Vol. 32. Is. 1–2. P. 177–187. DOI: 10.1179/0960340914Z.00000000098.
24. Bagui S., Ray A.K., Sahu J.K. et al. Influence of saline environment on creep rupture life of Nimonic-263 for marine turbine application // Materials Science and Engineering A. 2013. Vol. 566. P. 54–60. DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2012.12.081.
25. Yang X., Li S., Qi H. Effect of high-temperature hot corrosion on the low cycle fatigue behavior of a directionally solidified nickel-base superalloy // International journal of fatigue. 2015. Vol. 70. P. 106–113. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2014.08.011.
26. Homaeian A., Alizadeh M. Interaction of hot corrosion and creep in Alloy 617 // Engineering Failure Analysis. 2016. Vol. 66. P. 373–384. DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2016.03.012.
27. Simms N.J., Encinas-Oropesa A., Nicholls J.R. Modelling the Development of Type I Hot Corrosion on Coated and Uncoated Single Crystal Superalloys // Materials Science Forum. 2008. Vol. 595–598. P. 689–698. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.595-598.689.
28. Liu E., Zheng Z., Guan X. et al. Influence of Pre-oxidation on the Hot Corrosion of DZ68 Superalloy in the Mixture of Na2SO4–NaCl // Journal of Materials Science and Technology. 2010. Vol. 26. Is. 10. P. 895–899. DOI: 10.1016/S1005-0302(10)60143-0.
29. Zhang K., Liu M.M., Liu S.L. et al. Hot corrosion behaviour of a cobalt-base super-alloy K40S with and without NiCrAlYSi coating // Corrosion Science. 2011. Vol. 53. Is. 5. P. 1990–1998. DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2011.02.022.
30. Chang J.X., Wang D., Zhang G. et al. Interaction of Ta and Cr on Type-I hot corrosion resistance of single crystal Ni-base superalloys // Corrosion Science. 2017. Vol. 117. P. 35–42. DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2017.01.011.
31. Dever J.A., Nathal M.V., DiCarlo J.A. Research on High-Temperature Aerospace Materials at NASA Glenn Research Center // Journal of Aerospace. 2013. Vol. 26. Is. 2. P. 500–514. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0000321.
32. Supersplavy II: Zharoprochnyye materialy dlya aerokosmicheskikh i promyshlennykh energoustanovok v 2 kn. / pod red. Ch.T. Simsa, N.S. Stoloffa, U.K. Khagelya; per. s angl. [Superalloys II: Heat-resistant materials for aerospace and industrial power plants in 2 books / ed. by C.T. Sims, N.S. Stoloff, W.K. Hagel; tans. from Eng.]. M.: Metallurgiya, 1995. Kn. 1. 384 s.
Coal plastics reinforced with woven fillers are widely distributed in medium- and strongly loaded details of designs of aircraft. The polymeric composition constructional materials made from coal fillers and used in aircraft construction are appreciated their specific strength characteristics. Measurement and which analysis is possible with applying of the nondestructive control (NC). Contains of additional researches showing importance of application of methods of increase in accuracy of the correlation equations based by NC.
2. Murmanskiy B.E. Razrabotka, aprobatsiya i realizatsiya metodov povysheniya nadezhnosti i sovershenstvovaniya sistemy remontov paroturbinnykh ustanovok v usloviyakh ekspluatatsii: dis. dokt. tekhn. nauk [Development, testing and implementation of methods to improve the reliability and improve the repair system of steam turbine units in operation: thesis, Doc. Sc. (Tech.)]. Ekaterinburg, 2015. 457 s.
3. Mashinostroyeniye: entsiklopediya v 40 t. / pod obshch. red. K.V. Frolova [Engineering: encyclopedia of 40 vol. / gen. ed. By K.V. Frolov]. M.: Mashinostroyeniye, 1998. T. IV-3: Nadezhnost' mashin / pod red. V.V. Klyuyeva. 592 s.
4. GOST 27.002–2015. Nadezhnost v tekhnike (SSNT). Terminy i opredeleniya [State Standard 27.002–2015. Reliability in technology (SAT). Terms and Definitions]. M: Standartinform, 2016. 28 s.
5. Kompozitsionnyye materialy / pod red. L. Brautmana, R. Kroka [Composite materials / ed. L. Brautman, R. Krok]. M.: Mashinostroyeniye, 1978. T. 7: Analiz i proyektirovaniye konstruktsiy. CH. 1 / pod red. K. Chamisa. 300 s.
6. Kablov E.N., Startsev V.O. Sistemnyj analiz vliyaniya klimata na mekhanicheskie svojstva polimernykh kompozitsionnykh materialov po dannym otechestvennykh i zarubezhnykh istochnikov (obzor) [Systematical analysis of the climatics influence on mechanical properties of the polymer composite materials based on domestic and foreign sources (review)] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2018. №2 (51). S. 47–58. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2018-0-2-47-58.
7. Iosilevich G.B., Lebedev P.A., Strelyayev V.S. Prikladnaya mekhanika: dlya studentov vtuzov [Applied mechanics: for students of technical colleges]. M.: Mashinostroyeniye, 2012. 576 s.
8. Feodosyev V.I. Soprotivleniye materialov: ucheb. dlya vuzov. 10-ye izd., pererab. i dop. [Resistance materials: textbook for universities. 10th ed., rev. and add.]. M.: Izd-vo MGTU im. N.E. Baumana, 1999. 592 s.
9. Bochkareva S.A. Otsenka nadezhnosti konstruktsiy iz polimernykh kompozitsionnykh materialov s uchetom razbrosa upravlyayushchikh parametrov: avtoref. dis. … kand. fiz.-mat. nauk [ssessment of the reliability of structures made of polymer composite materials, taking into account the spread of control parameters: authors thesis, Cand. Sc. (Tech.)]. Tomsk, 2006. 21 s.
10. Murashov V.V., Kosarina E.I., Generalov A.S. Kontrol kachestva aviacionnyh detalej iz polimernyh kompozicionnyh materialov i mnogoslojnyh kleevyh konstrukcij [Quality control of aviation parts made from polymer composite materials and multilayers adhered constructions] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2013. №3. S. 65–70.
11. Kablov E.N. Materialy i tekhnologii VIAM dlya «Aviadvigatelya» [Materials and technologies of VIAM for Aviadvigatel] // Permskiye aviatsionnyye dvigateli. 2014. №31. S. 43–47.
12. Kablov E.N. Innovacionnye razrabotki FGUP «VIAM» GNC RF po realizacii «Strategicheskih napravlenij razvitiya materialov i tehnologij ih pererabotki na period do 2030 goda» [Innovative developments of FSUE «VIAM» SSC of RF on realization of «Strategic directions of the development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period until 2030»] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2015. №1 (34). S. 3–33. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2015-0-1-3-33.
13. Generalov A.S., Murashov V.V., Kosarina E.I., Boychuk A.S. Postroyeniye i analiz korrelyatsionnykh svyazey dlya otsenki prochnostnykh svoystv ugleplastikov reverberatsionno-skvoznym metodom [Plotting of correlation curves and analysis of CFRP strength properties estimated by acoustic-ultrasonic technique] // Aviacionyye materialy i tehnologii. 2014. №1. S. 58–63. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2014-0-1-58-63.
14. Istyagin S.E., Postnov V.I. K voprosu o korrelyatsionnoy zavisimosti informativnykh parametrov kontrolya pri diagnostike svoystv PKM [On the question of the correlation of informative control parameters in the diagnosis of PCM properties] // Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN. 2017. T. 19. №4 (2). S. 229–237.
15. Troitskiy V.A., Karmanov M.N., Troitskaya N.V. Nerazrushayushchiy kontrol kachestva kompozitsionnykh materialov [Non-destructive quality control of composite materials] // Tekhnicheskaya diagnostika i nerazrushayushchiy kontrol. 2016. №1. S. 295–296.
16. Bolotin V.V., Novichkov Yu.N. Mekhanika mnogosloynykh konstruktsiy [Mechanics of multilayer structures]. M.: Mashinostroyeniye, 1980. 375 s.
17. Pobedrya B.E. Mekhanika kompozitsionnykh materialov [Mechanics of composite materials]. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1984. 336 s.
18. GOST 56682–2015. Kompozity polimernyye i metallicheskiye. Metody opredeleniya obyema matritsy, armiruyushchego napolnitelya i pustot [State Standard 56682–2015. Polymer and metal composites. Methods for determining the volume of the matrix, reinforcing filler and voids]. M.: Standartinform, 2016. 24 s.
19. GOST 11262–2017. Plastmassy. Metod ispytaniya na rastyazheniye [State Standard 11262–2017. Plastics Tensile test method]. M.: Standartinform, 2018. 24 s.
